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ST400 Series Turbine Air Starters

65 models Genuine Ingersoll Rand, made in USA Questions? 1-800-353-4676

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Selection & sizing guide

Choosing and Sizing the Ingersoll Rand ST400 series

The ST400 is Ingersoll Rand's compact lube-free turbine starter for diesel engines of 5 to 60 liters. It comes in three arcs for three supply pressures: ST400 (44% arc, 150 psi, 25 hp), ST455 (55% arc, 120 psi, 23 hp) and ST499 (99% arc, 90 psi, 26 hp). It runs on compressed air only.

ST400 series at a Glance

Type
Turbine, lube-free motor
Models
ST400, ST455, ST499
Max power
23 to 26 hp
Max supply pressure
150 psi / 120 psi / 90 psi
Diesel engines
5 to 60 L
Carbureted gas engines
about double the diesel range (IR rule)
Engagement
Pre-engaged
Natural gas operation
No, air only
Air inlet
1" NPT
Extended cranking (>10 s)
Yes
Ingersoll Rand ST400 turbine air starter
Ingersoll Rand ST400 turbine air starter

How to Size a ST400 Starter

ModelDiesel, 4-strokeDiesel, 2-stroke (x1.5)Carbureted gas
ST4005–60 L (305–3,661 cu in)8–90 L10–120 L (x2 rule)
ST4555–60 L (305–3,661 cu in)8–90 L10–120 L (x2 rule)
ST4995–60 L (305–3,661 cu in)8–90 L10–120 L (x2 rule)
  1. Engine size and cycle. Find the displacement in liters (cu in ÷ 61.02). Ingersoll Rand's ranges are for 4-stroke diesels; for 2-stroke diesels multiply the range by 1.5, and for carbureted (spark-ignited gas) engines double it.
  2. Hard starts. IR's own rule: "For difficult-to-start engines or for operation under adverse conditions, use the next more powerful starter." Think cold climates, heavy driven loads, high compression or long idle periods.
  3. Supply pressure. Use a part-arc model for supplies up to 150 psi and the full-arc ("99") model for low-pressure supplies of 90 psi or less. Check the performance table at your pressure, not just the maximum.
  4. Air or gas. If the starter will run on natural gas, choose a gas-sealed version and pipe the exhaust away.
  5. Engagement. Pre-engaged: the drive pinion is completely engaged with the engine ring gear before the starter begins to crank the engine. Inertia: the rotating drive pinion engages the engine ring gear simultaneously with the initial cranking of the engine.
  6. Mounting. Match the flange, pinion (teeth, pitch, pressure angle) and rotation to the engine, or simply read them off the old starter's nameplate.

Air receiver, rough estimate. At 150 psi the ST400 uses 750 scfm at maximum power, about 12.5 scf of free air per second of cranking. Three 5-second start attempts need about 188 scf. A receiver charged to 150 psi and allowed to fall to 90 psi releases about 4.1 scf per cubic foot of volume, so it would need roughly 46 cu ft (344 US gal). This errs on the large side because the starter uses less air as the pressure falls. Run your own numbers in the sizing calculator.

Not sure of your engine's size or cycle? Look it up in the Model Finder or read the full air starter sizing guide.

Engines That Use the ST400

Our Air Starter Model Finder, built from Ingersoll Rand application data, recommends the ST400 for 41 engine models from 16 makers. The middle half of them run from 10 L to 26 L, and 2 are gas engines. Makers with the most matches: MWM (9), Mitsubishi (7), Jenbacher (4), MTU (4), Waukesha (3), International Harvester (2).

Examples across the size range (12 of 41)
EngineDisplacementFuelRecommended starter
International Harvester 6.9L6.9 L (421 cu in)dieselST400C03R15
MWM TD232-V68.8 L (538 cu in)–ST400C01R77
MWM 23411 L (659 cu in)–ST400C01R77
MWM TD232V812 L (720 cu in)–ST400C01R77
Mitsubishi S6B315 L (891 cu in)dieselST455C26R87
Volvo Penta TAMD16316 L (983 cu in)dieselST400C03R29
Mitsubishi S6A319 L (1,133 cu in)dieselST455C26R87
Mitsubishi S6R225 L (1,496 cu in)dieselST455C26R87
Jenbacher J312GS29 L (1,782 cu in)–ST400C03R83
Jenbacher J316GS39 L (2,374 cu in)–ST400C03R83
Mitsubishi S12R49 L (2,992 cu in)dieselST455C26R493
Jenbacher J612GS75 L (4,571 cu in)–ST455C03R83

Performance by Supply Pressure

Ingersoll Rand's figures at each supply pressure. Breakaway torque is what turns a stationary engine over; power and flow are at the speed of maximum power.

ST400 (44% arc)
Supply pressureBreakaway torqueSpeed at max powerMax powerAir flow at max power
90 psi (6.2 bar)90 ft-lb (122 N·m)1,500 rpm14 hp (10 kW)430 scfm (203 L/s)
120 psi (8.3 bar)120 ft-lb (163 N·m)1,650 rpm19 hp (14 kW)600 scfm (283 L/s)
150 psi (10.3 bar)150 ft-lb (203 N·m)1,650 rpm25 hp (19 kW)750 scfm (354 L/s)
ST455 (55% arc)
Supply pressureBreakaway torqueSpeed at max powerMax powerAir flow at max power
60 psi (4.1 bar)80 ft-lb (108 N·m)1,400 rpm10 hp (7.5 kW)–
90 psi (6.2 bar)135 ft-lb (183 N·m)1,450 rpm18 hp (13 kW)650 scfm (307 L/s)
120 psi (8.3 bar)185 ft-lb (251 N·m)1,500 rpm23 hp (17 kW)780 scfm (368 L/s)
ST499 (99% arc)
Supply pressureBreakaway torqueSpeed at max powerMax powerAir flow at max power
30 psi (2.1 bar)50 ft-lb (68 N·m)1,550 rpm7 hp (5.2 kW)320 scfm (151 L/s)
60 psi (4.1 bar)115 ft-lb (156 N·m)1,600 rpm14 hp (10 kW)550 scfm (260 L/s)
90 psi (6.2 bar)185 ft-lb (251 N·m)1,650 rpm26 hp (19 kW)765 scfm (361 L/s)

Model Number, Flange and Pinion

Reading the model number

ST400IC03R31-030

CodeMeaning
ST400Model: ST400 = 44% arc, ST455 = 55% arc (120 psi), ST499 = 99% arc (90 psi)
I1" NPT inlet (no letter = SAE split-flange inlet)
CGear ratio
03Flange: 00 = cradle mount, 01 = SAE No. 1, 03 = SAE No. 3
RRotation
31Pinion code
-030Orientation

Pinion codes

Pinion codes are not universal: the same code can mean a different pinion in another family. This table is Ingersoll Rand's for the ST400.

Pinion codeRotationTeethPitchPressure angle
15Right108/10 DP20°
21Right118/10 DP–
29Right128/10 DP–
31Right126/8 DP–
32Left126/8 DP–
77Right93 module15°
85Right113 module15°

Installation and Air Supply

Typical air starting systemCompressor, check valve, air receiver with drain and gauge, strainer, relay valve and starter; a push button or solenoid valve pilots the relay valve.Compressoror gladhandCheckvalveAir receivergauge + drainStrainer50 micronRelayvalveAir starterpinion to ring gearPush button orsolenoid valvepilot signalMain supply line: as short andstraight as practical, at least thestarter's inlet size.
Simplified layout of a typical stationary installation, after Ingersoll Rand's installation drawings. Turbine starters need no lubricator; gas-operated systems use gas-rated valves.

Starters are only as good as the air behind them. Keep the receiver drained, fit the strainer close to the inlet, and size the supply line at least as large as the starter's inlet. Turbine starters need no lubricator. See valves, strainers and accessories.

Ingersoll Rand Documents

Frequently Asked Questions

ST400, ST455 or ST499: which one?

Pick by the pressure you have at the starter: ST400 for up to 150 psi, ST455 for up to 120 psi, ST499 for low-pressure systems up to 90 psi. The full-arc ST499 makes its 26 hp at only 90 psi.

Can the ST400 run on natural gas?

No. Ingersoll Rand lists the ST400 series as not gas sealed. For gas operation in this size range look at the ST500 or ST150.

What does the "I" in ST400IC03R31 mean?

A 1" NPT threaded inlet. Without the I, the starter takes an SAE J518 split-flange inlet.

How do I know which ST400 model fits my engine?

Read the model number off your current starter's nameplate and we can match it, including superseded numbers. Otherwise send the engine make, model and air pressure, or look the engine up in the Model Finder.

Want us to confirm the size? Send your engine make, model and air supply pressure and an Ingersoll Rand specialist will match the starter, flange and pinion.

Request a Quote 1-800-353-4676 Model Finder



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 Industrial duty air starter for engines 5 to 60 liters (Diesel). Commonly used in marine, trucking, transit, and oil & gas applications.

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ST600 Series

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150T Series

Industrial duty air starter for engines 5 to 60 liters (Diesel). Commonly used in marine, trucking, transit, and oil & gas applications.





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